Last Updated on December 28, 2022
Are you enough educated to make good money? Or, are you not good at studying but still need a degree? Check out part time PhD programs Canada.
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Study in Canada
Canada is one of the most popular study destinations in the world due to its high focus on the quality of its universities and its emphasis on attracting international students who can later immigrate. Canadians are very welcoming to international students and they invest a lot into making sure students are safe, treated fairly, and enjoy their stay in the country. Study in one of the strongest economies in the world while enjoying a high living standard and a flexible study environment. Classes have smaller student groups ensuring everyone gets the attention they need, and encouraging group assignments and debates.
Distance Learning
Distance or online learning is a mode of study that allows students to study most or all of a course without attending at a campus-based institution. Distance can refer to both material and interaction. Distance learning provides access to learning when the source of information and the learners are separated by time and distance, or both.
During this type of education students communicate with the faculty and other students via e-mail, electronic forums, videoconferencing, chat rooms, bulletin boards, instant messaging and other forms of computer-based interaction.
The programmes often include a online training system and tools to produce a virtual classroom. The tuition fees for distance learning vary from institution to programme to country. It is certain that the student saves expenses related to accommodation and transportation, because you can maintain your current living expenses. Distance learning is also a great solution for people that already have a job, and still want or need further education.
Part Time PhD Programs Canada
SPECIALIZATION | PROGRAM NAME | FACULTY |
---|---|---|
Audiology and Speech Sciences | Doctor of Philosophy in Audiology and Speech Sciences (PhD) | Faculty of Medicine |
Craniofacial Science | Doctor of Philosophy in Craniofacial Science (PhD) | Faculty of Dentistry |
French | Doctor of Philosophy in French (PhD) | Faculty of Arts |
Geography | Doctor of Philosophy in Geography (PhD) | Faculty of Arts |
Geological Engineering | Doctor of Philosophy in Geological Engineering (PhD) | Faculty of Science |
Hispanic Studies | Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic Studies (PhD) | Faculty of Arts |
Human Development, Learning, and Culture | Doctor of Philosophy in Human Development, Learning, and Culture (PhD) | Faculty of Education |
Kinesiology | Doctor of Philosophy in Kinesiology (PhD) | Faculty of Education |
Mathematics | Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics (PhD) | Faculty of Science |
Measurement, Evaluation and Research Methodology | Doctor of Philosophy in Measurement, Evaluation and Research Methodology (PhD) | Faculty of Education |
Nursing | Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD) | Faculty of Applied Science |
Population and Public Health | Doctor of Philosophy in Population and Public Health (PhD) | Faculty of Medicine |
Rehabilitation Sciences | Doctor of Philosophy in Rehabilitation Sciences (PhD) | Faculty of Medicine |
Social Work | Doctor of Philosophy in Social Work (PhD) | Faculty of Arts |
Special Education | Doctor of Philosophy in Special Education (PhD) | Faculty of Education |
Women+ and Children’s Health Sciences | Doctor of Philosophy in Women+ and Children’s Health Sciences (PhD) | Faculty of Medicine |
Flexible-Time PhD Program Option Guidelines
- Academic Integrity Resources
- Coursework Extensions
- De-activating/Archiving & Re-activating Graduate Courses
- Departmental Examinations
- Flexible-Time PhD Program Option Guidelines
- Glossary of Course Codes (Primary and Joint Course Codes)
- Graduate Courses & Other Academic Activities
- Graduate Department Academic Appeals Committee
- Graduate Program Definitions
- Graduate Seminar Series Courses
- Guidelines for Five-Year PhD Direct-Entry Programs
- Guidelines for Joint Courses Between Universities
- Guidelines for Online Learning in Graduate Academic Programs
- Guidelines on Academic Transcript Notations
- Guidelines on the Use of INC, SDF & WDR
- Intellectual Property Guidelines for Graduate Students & Supervisors
- Leave of Absence Policy
- Library Carrels
- Monitoring Doctoral Progress
- Posthumous PhD Degrees
- Research Involving Human Subjects: Overview
- Termination of Registration Guidelines
- Termination of Registration: Info for Students
What is the flexible-time PhD program option?
The flexible-time PhD program is a registration option that differs from the full-time PhD program only in design and delivery. The flexible-time PhD program option is for practicing professionals in the relevant field of study who require a modified time period and/or content delivery option to complete the requirements of their program.
The design and delivery of the flexible-time option permits continued professional practice by the student in areas related to the student’s field of research, except for short, specified periods of time. Because the option involves continued professional practice, it allows a student to complete the program over a longer period of time.
The degree requirements and program curriculum of the flexible-time PhD program option are the same. As such, students must satisfy the SGS General Regulations and Degree Regulations in the SGS Calendar, including good academic standing, supervision and candidacy regulations.
Who can offer a flexible-time PhD program option?
A flexible-time PhD program option may only be offered by a graduate unit where the graduate unit finds there is sufficient demand by practicing professionals in related fields. The option requires governance approval and an SGS Calendar entry notation. A practicing professional is currently defined in the SGS Calendar as an “active professionals who is engaged in work activities that may include consulting, community organizing, self-employment, contractual work, or equivalent. This category may include recently retired individuals who maintain professional engagement (Degree Regulation 12.1.1.3).”
Governance Approval Requirements
Graduate units may offer a flexible-time PhD program option, approved through University of Toronto governance. Proposals to introduce the flexible-time PhD program option into an existing PhD program must be submitted, along with a revised SGS Calendar entry, and approved through University governance procedures for graduate programs as a Major Modification.
Admission Requirements
Applicants may apply to a flexible-time PhD program option in any graduate unit approved to offer this option (see Governance Approval Requirements above). Applications to flexible-time PhD program options are subject to the SGS General Regulations and Degree Regulations and must meet the same admission requirements as applicants to the full-time PhD program.
In addition, applicants to the flexible-time PhD program option must demonstrate that they are “practicing professionals”, that is, they are active professionals who are engaged in work activities that may include consulting, community organizing, self-employment, contractual work, or equivalent. This category may include recently retired individuals who maintain professional engagement. Admission to this option is subject to the availability of a supervisor.
Applicants to the flexible-time PhD program option must demonstrate that the research and proposed program of study is related to the applicant’s professional work and vice versa. In addition, they will continue their professional activities while registered in the program.
Program Requirements and Path to Completion
Students enrolled in the flexible-time PhD program option may complete the program requirements over a modified time period. As such, the graduate unit will provide a year-by-year path to completion and timeline of requirements based on the defined flexible time program length. This modified path to completion should be included in the SGS Calendar and will ensure that students are aware of dates and deadlines, and expectations surrounding progression through the program.
Example:
Year 1: Complete courses ABC 1234H, ABC 1244Y.
Year 2: Complete courses ABC 1235H, ABC 1233Y. Prepare thesis proposal.
Year 3: Complete course ABC 1235Y. Finalize thesis proposal, defend proposal by October 1.
Year 4: Pass Comprehensive Exams. Achieve Candidacy by August 30.
Year 5: Research and writing.
Year 6: Research and writing.
Year 7: Defend Thesis at Final Oral Examination by August 30.
Program Length: 7 years
Time Limit: 8 years
Registration
Students in a flexible-time PhD program option will register full-time during the first four years and part-time during subsequent years in the program. Students are required to be registered for every session, including summers, following the first session of registration unless granted a leave of absence.
Transfers between the full-time PhD program and the flexible-time PhD program option are not permitted. A student may transfer from a master’s program into an approved flexible-time option program, with the years in the master’s program being counted as part of the PhD program.
Fees and Funding
Students pay full-time fees for the first four years and part-time fees thereafter. Students are expected to be self-funded.
Program Length and Time Limit
Each graduate program offering a flexible-time PhD program option will identify a program length for inclusion in the SGS Calendar entry, which normally will be five or six years. The time limit, between six and eight years, will be established through the departmental regulations. Flexible-time PhD program option students are afforded the same number of program extensions as other PhD students, with approval as required.
Supervisor and Supervisory Committee
All doctoral students should have an identified supervisor and supervisory committee as early as possible in their program. For the flexible-time PhD program option, the time limit for constituting a supervisory committee is by the end of the first session in Year 3.
Achieving Candidacy
Candidacy must be achieved in the flexible-time PhD program option by the end of the fourth year of registration.
Universities within Canadian provinces and territories
Canada’s vast geographical size and colonial history means the country has developed a federal structure, made up of 10 provinces and 3 territories. Provinces are independent sovereign entities (similar to US states) whereas territories have their authority delegated by the central federal government.
The most important difference between Canadian provinces and territories for international PhD students is that only provinces possess research universities (with the ability to offer doctoral programmes).
Most provinces take a similar approach to doctoral training and international recruitment, but local policies can sometimes affect the amount (and type) of funding available. The part of Canada you choose to study in may also determine whether your university offers programmes in English, French or both.
The 10 Canadian provinces are as follows:
- Alberta is a landlocked province in western Canada, famous for its vast forests, prairies and mountain ranges. There are 5 universities offering PhD opportunities in Alberta and the official language is English.
- British Columbia is Canada’s westernmost province. Its rugged landscape is characterised by temperate rainforests and striking coastal fjords. There are 7 universities offering PhD opportunities in British Columbia and the official language is English.
- Manitoba is a central province, home to vast prairies and some of Canada’s Great Lakes. There are 2 universities offering PhD opportunities in Manitoba and the official language is English.
- New Brunswick is a small province on the eastern coast of Canada, home to forests, mountains and some of the oldest European settlements in North America. There are 2 universities offering PhD opportunities in New Brunswick and the official languages are English and French.
- Nova Scotia is a maritime province in Atlantic Canada, made up of a peninsula and neighbouring islands. There are 5 universities offering PhD opportunities in Nova Scotia and the official language is English.
- Newfoundland and Labrador is Canada’s easternmost province, made up of the island of Newfoundland and the mainland region of Labrador, geographically defined by its subarctic tundra and striking mountains. There is 1 university offering PhD opportunities in Newfoundland and Labrador and the official language is English.
- Ontario is Canada’s most populous province, located in the east of the country. It is home to the Canadian capital, Ottawa, as well as the famous Lake Ontario and Niagara Falls. There are 22 universities offering PhD opportunities in Ontario and the official language is English.
- Prince Edward Island is a maritime province on the east coast of Canada – the smallest in the country. It is made up of the titular island, plus a network of smaller islands. There is 1 university offering PhD opportunities in Prince Edward Island and the official language is English.
- Québec is Canada’s largest province, situated at the east of the country. It is home to a rich independent Québécois culture and is famous for its rivers, lakes and bays. There are 17 universities offering PhD opportunites in Québec and the official language is French.
- Saskatchewan is a large landlocked province in central Canada, defined by its praries and lakes. There are 2 universities offering PhD opportunities in Saskatchewan and the official language is English.
Canada’s three territories are the Yukon, Nanavut and Northwest Territories. They are home to colleges offering undergraduate degrees, but do not currently possess universities with doctoral programmes.
Canadian university cities
There are several cities in Canada with one or more universities and large numbers of students.
- Study in Montreal
- Study in Québec City
- Study in Edmonton
- Study in Vancouver
- Study in Toronto
Canadian university rankings
Not to be outdone by their North American neighbours, Canadian universities are world-leading in a range of fields and this is reflected in their international rankings.
University | THE 2022 | QS 2022 | ARWU 2021 |
---|---|---|---|
University of Toronto | =18 | 26 | 22 |
University of British Columbia | 37 | 46 | 42 |
McGill University | 44 | =27 | 67 |
McMaster University | =80 | 140 | 92 |
University of Montreal | =88 | 111 | 101-150 |
University of Alberta | 125 | 126 | 101-150 |
University of Ottawa | =162 | 230 | 201-300 |
University of Calgary | 201-250 | 235 | 151-200 |
Simon Fraser University | 201-250 | =298 | 301-400 |
University of Waterloo | 201-250 | =149 | 151-200 |
Western Univeristy | 201-250 | 170 | 201-300 |
Dalhousie University | 251-300 | =272 | 201-300 |
Universitié Laval | 251-300 | =414 | 301-400 |
Queen’s University | 251-300 | =240 | 201-300 |
University of Manitoba | 301-350 | 601-650 | 301-400 |
University of Victoria | 301-350 | =334 | 301-400 |
York University | 401-500 | =494 | 301-400 |
University of Guelph | 501-600 | 581-590 | 401-500 |
University of Saskatchewan | 501-600 | 458 | 301-400 |
Carleton University | 601-800 | 601-650 | 401-500 |
Information in this table is based on the latest Times Higher Education World University Rankings, QS World University Rankings and Academic Ranking of World Universities. Visit their websites for more information. |
Do rankings matter for PhD study?
University rankings can help you choose a PhD project or programme, provided you know what to look at. Our guide explains how to use rankings as a prospective postgraduate.
PhD structure
As in other countries, the Canadian doctorate is normally awarded as a final ‘terminal degree’ – the highest level of academic qualification a student can achieve following an undergraduate Bachelors degree and a postgraduate Masters.
A range of doctoral degrees are available alongside the familiar academic PhD, including professional doctorates such as the Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) and Doctor of Education (EdD) qualifications.
PhD length
Most courses require at least three years of full-time study and research, but some students study for longer, with a typical maximum registration of six years.
In most cases you’ll need to hold a Masters degree in order to gain admission to a standard Canadian PhD programme. However, some universities offer doctoral stream Masters routes that commence with one or two years of MA or MSc study. These are suitable for students coming straight from an undergraduate degree, but take longer to complete.
The Canadian PhD process
PhD study in Canada has more in common with the UK than the neighbouring USA. Whereas the US PhD normally begins with one or two years of taught classes and examinations before a student defines their thesis topic, a Canadian PhD is often more research-focused from the outset.
However, as in the UK, it is increasingly common for universities to offer more structured PhDs within dedicated doctoral programmes.
These programmes are normally run by a university’s graduate school where academic cohorts of students benefit from collective teaching and training alongside their more independent research activities.
Courses often focus on key skills such as practical research techniques and methodological principles, or useful additional training in areas such as teaching, presentation or publication. Some doctoral programmes also arrange internships and professional placements.
Generally, students complete these courses in the first year of their PhD, before moving on to focus on researching and writing their doctoral thesis.
In some cases a university may require PhD students to sit a comprehensive exam at the end of their first or second year. This tests a student’s general knowledge of their field before they are allowed to proceed to much more specific research. It is somewhat similar to the MPhil upgrade or ‘confirmation review’ used in UK universities.
Graduate vs postgraduate
Like the USA, Canadian universities usually refer to Masters and PhDs as ‘graduate’ degrees, rather than ‘postgraduate’ degrees. We’ve used postgraduate here to be consistent with the rest of the FindAPhD website.
Academic year
The Canadian academic year generally runs from September to April, but exact semester dates vary between individual provinces and their universities.
Supervision and research
You’ll complete your PhD under the guidance of at least one academic supervisor. They’ll be an expert in your general subject and field, though they won’t have researched on your specific topic before (it wouldn’t be a PhD, otherwise).
Other members of your graduate school may also contribute to your supervision and training, particularly if your programme involves additional classes and coursework.
The main criteria for your degree will be the completion of a substantial doctoral thesis. As in other countries, this must represent a rigorous and significant research body of research, making a substantial new contribution to knowledge.
If your qualification is a professional doctorate such as a DBA or EdD, you’ll focus on practical work and case studies as well as / instead of academic research. You’ll still be required to submit a thesis, but this may be shorter and supplemented by other materials.
Types of PhD
Our guides help explain the different types of PhD (and other doctorates) available in Canada and elsewhere.
Assessment and examination
The main criteria for the assessment of a Canadian PhD is the originality and quality of your doctoral thesis. You’ll normally begin drafting this during the middle part of your PhD before writing up a final version based on feedback from your supervisor.
Once you submit your dissertation a committee of examiners (including at least one external expert) will be appointed to read and consider it. Your PhD will then proceed to an oral defence.
This procedure may be slightly more involved than the viva voce used in the UK and elsewhere. Instead of discussing your work in a ‘closed room’ situation, you may be expected to offer a presentation on your research before being questioned on the content and significance of your thesis.
The examiners will then meet separately to decide if your examination performance was satisfactory. If it was, you will be awarded your PhD!
Some Canadian PhD programmes also include coursework and examinations prior to your thesis. However, these will normally be checkpoints for your progression, rather than factors determining your final result.
Cotutelle programmes
As well as the conventional PhD process described above, some Canadian universities work with other international institutions to offer a collaborative route to a PhD, known as a ‘cotutelle’ (French for ‘co-tutored’).
These programmes involve a student spending time at two different universities, each of which is involved in supervising, examining and awarding the PhD project.
In this sense a cotutelle is somewhat like a joint PhD. However, unlike some other joint PhDs, a cotutelle arrangement is usually specific to the student’s project rather than an ongoing partnership between a pair (or network) of universities. In that sense, it’s helpful to think of a cotutelle as a specific kind of joint PhD.
The availability of this option varies between individual Canadian universities. Check with your institution for more information.
Fees and funding
Studying abroad in Canada is more affordable than you might think, despite the fact that universities typically charge higher fees for international students.
Canadian PhD fees
Fees for a Canadian PhD programme will usually be between CAD $2,500-17,000 per year although some can reach up to CAD $25,000. This is more than a domestic student pays, but still less than in other popular countries like the UK and USA.
If your PhD is part of a more structured programme its fees may vary from year to year; stages of the degree that involve taught classes and assessments are normally more expensive than those that focus on independent research.
In addition to tuition you may also be asked to pay some smaller supplementary costs for student services and union fees.
Recent fee changes for international students
The size of Canada’s higher education system and the administration of universities by separate provincial governments means that the representative PhD fees quoted here should be used as a guideline only.
However, it’s worth being aware of some new initiatives for international students at specific universities.
- The University of Toronto has begun charging the same fees to domestic and international PhD students from 2018. This means that you’ll pay the same for your PhD as a local Canadian student.
- Brock University has begun fully covering international PhD fees through its own fellowships.
Canadian PhD funding
Canada welcomes international students and provides a wide range of funding opportunities for PhD study at its universities.
These include a variety of Graduate assistantships, as well as scholarship schemes from the Canadian Government, industry and educational foundations.
PhD funding in Canada
See our detailed guide to Canadian PhD funding for more information on the different options available to international students.
Applying for a PhD in Canada
Most Canadian universities organise their PhDs within doctoral programmes run by their graduate schools and its here that you’ll normally apply. Some universities will have separate graduate schools for different subject areas; others may just have one large school administering all of their advanced degree programmes.
Admission requirements
The minimum requirement for a PhD in Canada will normally be a Masters degree in a related subject. Unlike in the UK and USA it is relatively rare to go straight from undergraduate study to a doctorate. Some universities may allow you to do so, but will normally extend the length of your PhD to accommodate additional Masters-level training.
Admission to a Canadian doctoral programme can be quite competitive. Students will often progress through classes and modules together and graduate schools may only have places for a certain number in each year’s cohort.
This means that your previous academic attainment will probably be examined quite closely.
GPA scores
In particular, you will usually be asked to provide a Grade Point Average (GPA) score instead of just submitting your final degree result. GPA is the system used in the USA and Canada (as well as some other countries) but is less common in the UK and Europe. It provides a more nuanced representation of your overall performance across a course of study.
Don’t worry if your previous universities didn’t use a GPA system: it’s possible to convert most other grades into a GPA. The following table provides a rough guide to GPA equivalents for UK degree honours:
UK % grade | UK result | Approximate GPA |
---|---|---|
70+ | 1st / Distinction | 4.0 |
60 – 69 | 2.1 / Merit | 3.0 – 3.3 |
50 – 59 | 2.2 / Pass | 2.7 – 3.0 |
40 – 49 | 3rd / Pass | 2.0 – 2.3 |
30 – 39 | Unclassified | 1.0 |
You’ll normally need a GPA of 3.0 or higher for admission to a Canadian PhD programme.
Graduate admissions tests
You may also be asked to provide a score from a Graduate Records Examination (GRE) or Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) exam as part of your application. This allows universities to assess applicants’ suitability for advanced graduate work and potentially decide between candidates with similarly good academic records.
Specific requirements (and expected scores) will vary between universities and graduate schools, so check in advance.
What are graduate admissions tests?
Though they aren’t commonly used in countries like the UK, tests like the GRE and GMAT are sometimes used to assess applicants for postgraduate study in the USA, Canada and elsewhere. Our guide explains how they work and what they involve.
Language requirements
You’ll have the option of completing a Canadian PhD in either English or French, depending on which province you choose to study in. English is the most common language of instruction, but universities in Québec will normally teach in French, as will some in New Brunswick.
Whichever language you choose to study in, you’ll need to demonstrate that you’re sufficiently proficient in it to complete a PhD. If you’re a native French or English speaker or have already studied at university-level in either language that will normally be sufficient. Otherwise, you’ll need to complete a language test and submit the score as part of your application.
Our guides introduce some of the common English language tests and French language tests that are suitable for PhD study, but you should always check which system your university prefers
Application process
There are normally two routes to applying for a Canadian PhD:
- Find an advertised project and apply for it. Many projects will already have a scholarship or stipend attached and will be looking for the ideal candidate, rather like a conventional job opportunity.
- Apply to a university’s doctoral programme with your own research project. The first step in this case is usually to identify a suitable supervisor and / or research group and contact them to discuss your interest. You may need to apply for funding separately.
Depending on the kind of opportunity you apply for, you’ll normally need to provide the university or graduate school with the following:
- Details (and evidence) of your previous study and qualifications. As well as confirmation of your final result (and GPA), Canadian universities may ask to see transcripts of your Bachelors and Masters, including information on your specific modules and grades. Your previous universit/ies should be able to provide this, but you’ll need to give them enough time.
- Information on your project details and plans. If you’re suggesting your own topic you will normally need to submit a research proposal for it. If you’re applying for an advertised opportunity you may be asked to provide a personal statement explaining your academic interests and ambitions.
- Two letters of recommendation. These will serve as your academic references and should therefore be provided by tutors or instructors who know your work at undergraduate or postgraduate level. Make sure to check that these people are happy to serve as your referees and give them plenty of notice.
- Evidence of test scores for any language tests or graduate admissions exams you’ve been asked to complete.
Be sure to check the specific requirements at your graduate school (or ask the supervisor you’re applying to work with).
Specific deadlines for Canadian PhD applications will often be set by graduate schools. Actual dates will vary, but you should generally apply in the spring for an autumn start, or vice versa. Make sure to allow enough time to put together all of your application materials (and sort your visa, if you need one).
Interviews
Universities in Canada may arrange a PhD interview to evaluate your application and potential or get to know you better. If so, you may be given the opportunity to conduct your interview via Skype, or a similar video conferencing platform.
What happens during a PhD interview?
Your interview for a PhD in Canada will follow a fairly standard format (even if the actual process takes place online). Our guides explain what happens at a PhD interview and look at some of the questions you might be asked.
Student visas
Canada is a friendly and welcoming country with an active interest in attracting international students. This is reflected in its student visa and immigration system.
You’ll normally need two documents to enter Canada as a student and remain there during your PhD: an electronic travel authorisation and a study permit.
Applying for a Study Permit
As its name suggests, a study permit entitles you to live (and study!) in Canada during a course. The Permit lasts for the duration of your PhD, plus an extra 90 days (giving you time to arrange travel or apply for a post-study work visa once your course is finished).
You should normally apply for a Study Permit in your home country before you travel to Canada. You can begin the process online, but may need to take your passport and other information to a Canadian visa office. You’ll need a letter of acceptance from your university before you can apply (a good reason to start your PhD application early).
Students from China, India, Vietnam or the Philippines can apply through a special Student Direct Stream for faster processing.
Applying for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA)
Most international students will need permission to enter Canada. You can get this by applying for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA). This serves as your visa and allows you to come into Canada.
The application process for an eTA is relatively simple and takes place online. You will need to provide your passport details and payment information for a fee of CAD $7 (USD $5.55).
Note that your eTA allows you to enter Canada, but does not entitle you to live there for the duration of your PhD. To do that you will need to have applied for your Study Permit (described above).
There is more information on applying to live and study in Canada on the official Government of Canada website.
Next steps
Excellent universities and cosmopolitan culture make Canada a great place to pursue a doctorate, but the country could also become your longer-term home.
Can I work in Canada after my PhD?
Yes. As a PhD graduate you’ll be a great candidate for a range of jobs in higher education, research and other areas. What’s more, Canada will be very keen to keep you and its post-study visa system is designed to make that option as attractive as possible.
Canada’s post-graduation work permit (PGWP) allows international graduates from its universities to live and work in Canada for up to three years after completing a doctorate.
You’ll need to have studied for your PhD full-time and have successfully completed your programme. The fee is normally CAD $255 (USD $200) and the processing time is approximately 56 days for an online application.
Once you have a PGWP you may be able to apply for permanent residence and eventually even Canadian citizenship.