If you’ve ever dreamed of becoming an astrophysicist, it’s time to get serious about your goals.
The first step is to get a Bachelor’s degree in physics. You can also major in astronomy or mathematics, but physics will give you a strong foundation for graduate study. Once you have your Bachelor’s, apply to a Master’s program in astrophysics. This may be at the same school where you got your Bachelor’s degree or at another university.
Once you’ve successfully completed your Master’s degree, apply for doctoral programs in astrophysics. Many universities offer these programs on campus and online. If you choose an online program, make sure it is accredited by one of the regional accreditation boards such as Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE) or North Central Association of Colleges and Schools (NCA).
After completing your doctorate in astrophysics (usually between three and seven years), apply for postdoctoral positions at research institutions, universities, government labs or observatories around the world where there are openings for new hires.
Astrophysicists have many career options beyond teaching at colleges and universities; some work for NASA or other space agencies designing rockets and spacecrafts that take astronauts into orbit around Earth or even further into space!
How To Become Astrophysicist
Astrophysicists will need to complete certain education and training requirements, which include:
Education
You need at least a master’s degree to become an astrophysicist, though many employers require a doctoral degree. Students can expect to take courses in engineering, physics, astronomy and other science courses.
Students need to first complete a bachelor’s degree with a major in astrophysics or a similar field. Then, students complete a master’s degree or Ph.D. in astrophysics or astronomy. Some students may choose to first complete a master’s degree, whereas others will choose a program that combines both the master’s and Ph.D. programs.
Students in Ph.D. programs need to create and defend a dissertation. A dissertation is a document that presents all of the research a student performed throughout the program and their findings. They typically need to offer a presentation of this document to a panel that accepts or rejects it.
Training
Aspiring astrophysicists will receive training both in their educational programs and on the job. Depending on the educational program, students may complete an internship where they develop important astrophysicist skills. Entry-level astrophysicists can expect to work closely with their supervisors as they gain experience in the industry. Astrophysicists should keep up with the latest findings in the industry through research to apply them to new projects.
Certifications
Certifications are not usually required to become an astrophysicist. Instead, astrophysicists can expect a competitive education that requires the completion of internships and a dissertation.
Astrophysicists can become a member of the American Astronomical Society. The AAS has several classes of membership that astrophysicists can choose, depending on their field and experience. Some memberships require applicants to receive an endorsement from an active member. Membership with the AAS can help astrophysicists make valuable connections with fellow professionals in the field.
Skills
There are a few hard and soft skills that assist an astrophysicist in their role, including:
- Analytical. Strongly developed analytical skills are important when working as an astrophysicist. Astrophysicists conduct numerous research projects, and analytical skills assist with gathering, interpreting, analyzing and reporting data.
- Reporting. Astrophysicists are an important part of furthering the research of astrophysics. The ability to not only test but also report data in a way that other professionals in the industry can use is critical.
- Mathematical. Astrophysicists often use advanced mathematical skills to test theories and report data. Mathematical skills in courses like calculus and physics can help the astrophysicist in their role.
- Problem-solving. Many astrophysicists solve a variety of problems related to their research. Skills in problem-solving allow them to identify the problem, create a hypothesis and take the necessary steps to prove or disprove the theory.
Astrophysicist work environment
Astrophysicists may adopt a research or academic focus in their careers. Some astrophysicists may split their time between fieldwork and teaching. The typical workday for an astrophysicist in a research setting includes analyzing and interpreting data. They spend some of their time using research tools to gather additional information. Astrophysicists may also work on a research team, often collaborating on research techniques or results. Some physicists will also draft applications for grants to obtain funding to complete additional research.
The typical workday for an astrophysicist who works in higher education can expect to create lesson plans, meet with college students and facilitate college exams. An astrophysics professor may also oversee internships and listen to dissertations.
Astrophysicists can expect the following work characteristics:
- Frequent use of computers and other technical equipment
- Interpretation of large amounts of data
- Use of in-depth math and research skills
- Frequent communication with other researchers
Astrophysicists may work in different industries, which can further affect the expected workday tasks. These are a few of the most common industries:
- Higher education
- Research lab
- Aerospace industry
- Government agencies
How to become an astrophysicist
You will need to complete certain education and training requirements to become an astrophysicist. You can become an astrophysicist with the following steps:
- Complete a bachelor’s degree. Completing a bachelor’s degree is the first step toward your career as an astrophysicist. You can expect to take coursework in mathematics and science to prepare you for your master’s program. Take advantage of any internships or fieldwork experiences that will make you a more competitive candidate when applying for advanced degree programs in astrophysics.
- Complete a master’s and Ph.D. degree. Some students may complete a master’s program and then a Ph.D. program, whereas others may prefer to complete a program that combines the two. You will want to major in astrophysics and earn high grades in all math and research classes. Complete as many internships and appointments as possible to develop important skills. If you want to work in a specific industry, like education or with the government, consider completing an experience appointment in this industry during your education.
- Prepare your cover letter and resume. Your cover letter and resume are important as you begin your career search. Create a new cover letter with each application and highlight your experience and passion for the industry. Use your resume to highlight experiences that will assist you in your role as an astrophysicist.
- Apply for astrophysicist positions. After you have completed all educational requirements and have prepared your resume, you are ready to apply for astrophysicist positions. Review your college coursework and prepare for any interviews by completing a mock interview with a trusted friend. Consider what type of environment you would ideally prefer to work in and choose positions that meet these characteristics.
Astrophysicist job description example
Delta Industries is seeking an entry-level astrophysicist. Completion of a Ph.D. in Astrophysics is a requirement for this position. Previous experience teaching in an academic setting is also recommended as the ideal candidate will work closely with our astrophysicist professor. The candidate will provide research and lab assistance while also filling in in the classroom when needed. Advanced skills in mathematics and research will assist the candidate in succeeding in this technical role. Good communication and teamwork skills are also useful as Delta Industries uses a collaborative approach to research.
